Detail of Structural Engineering

                                 Detail of Structural Engineering :

As  I discuss in my previous blog  about  what is Structural Engineering , how to become a Structural engineer ,how a Structural Engineer works and  how its Journey begin . lets move today in detail of Structural engineering.

                                           
Structural Engineering includes detailed  knowledge of applied mechanics , material science and applied mathematics to understand and to predict how structures support or resist self weight. Moreover , Structural Engineer must have knowledge of  corrosion resistance of material , knowledge of techniques of Structural analysis , detailed knowledge of computer aid software such as FREE CAD.

                                 





Structural Elements :
Structure Elements are used to make complex structure into simple one . There are different types of structural elements  take place whose presence make a well organised structure which are as follows :

1. Columns or Pillars
2. Beams
3. Trusses
4. Plates
5. Arches
6. Shells

1. Columns :

                                      
                            
  Columns also known as Pillars is a structural element ,  its function is to transfer the load of structure vertically downwards to transfer its foundation . Columns are used to support beams on which the upper part of wall rest.
           

2. Beams :     

Beams is a horizontal structure member used to carry vertical load, shear load, sometimes horizontal load . It is mainly used in construction of bridges ,trusses, other structure which carry vertical loads .
Beams and column are called line elements . Its mode of deflection primarily by Bending . Bending is divided into two part Compression and Tension . The Compression part is design to resist  crushing and buckling and the Tension part is design to resist tension .



3. Trusses :

               
                                    
 
Trusses are an assembly of Beams or other elements that create rigid structure . Trusses include connection point or nodes . Members are connected at nodes . Thus forces are applied at nodes. Thus forces are applied at node members act as tension and compression. Members acting in compression are refereed as Compression Members or Struts. Members acting in tension are refereed as Tension Member  or Ties . Trusses are usually used in large spam structures where it would be uneconomical to use solid beam.



4. Plates :

                             

It is a one of the important structure elements . It is important :
Firstly, its geometric configuration is three - dimensional solid whose thickness is very small as compared to others.
Secondly, the effect of loads that are expected to be applied on it only generates stress  whose resultant is exclusively normal to elements thickness.


5. Arches :

                        

 An arches is a vertical curved structure that spans an elevated space and may or may not support the weight above it in case of a horizontal arch like an arch dam, the hydrostatic pressure against it. In masonry construction, arches have several great advantages over horizontal beams. They can span much wider openings because they can be made from small, easily carried blocks of brick or stone, as opposed to a massive. An arch can also carry a much greater load than a horizontal Beam can support.                                                                            
6. Shell :


                         

In building construction , a thin , curved plate structure shaped to transmit  applied forces by compresses , tensile ,and shear stresses that act in a plane of surface .They are usually Constructed of concrete reinforced with steel mesh. shell construction begin in 1920's,the shell emerges as a major long - span concrete structure after World War.

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